It is a typical traditional Mongolian bowed stringed instrument.
Morin khuur is also known as the horsehead fiddle. Morin tologay'ta qugur is the classical Mongolian name for this instrument, which is translated into modern Khalkh Cyrillic as fiddle with a horse's head. This is called ikil in western Mongolia and shoor in eastern Mongolia. In Mongolia's nomad culture, the morin khuur, a two-stringed fiddle, is a prominent element. A number of written sources date back to the 13th and 14th centuries, mentioning string instruments adorned with horse heads. Fiddles' significance goes beyond their use as musical instruments since they were historically part of the Mongolian nomads' daily life and rituals.
The design of the morin khuur is closely connected to the horse cult, which is an important spiritual practice. The carved horse head is attached to the instrument's long fretless neck, which is hollow and trapezoid-shaped. From either side of the neck, two tuning pegs protrude like ears below the head. Strings and a bow are made of horsehair, and the soundboard is covered in animal skin. This instrument makes its characteristic sound by stroking or sliding the bow across the strings. Techniques commonly used include multiple strokings with the right hand and a variety of fingerings with the left. It is most often played solo, although it may accompany dances, long songs (urtiin duu), mythical tales, ceremonies, and everyday chores related to horses.
Music in morin khuur has always been challenging to put into standard notation because it has a main tone and overtones at the same time. Mongolians have primarily settled in urban areas over the past forty years, far from the historical and spiritual context of morin khuur. Further, instrument tuning is often adapted to the technical requirements of stage performances, resulting in higher and louder sounds that remove some of the subtle timbral qualities.
Fortunately, many aspects of morin khuur playing have been preserved among surviving herding communities in southern Mongolia, along with the associated rituals and customs. A number of festivals are held to celebrate the significance of this instrument in the Mongolian culture, such as the biannual Morin Huur Festival and Competition. In June, there is the "Roaring Hooves" festival. A unique style of praise and morin khuur is used for the most magnificent horse, as well as the highest-ranked wrestler and archer during the national festival, Naadam. Furthermore, almost all Mongolians own the instrument in their house because it symbolizes peace and happiness.
References
(https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/traditional-music-of-the-morin-khuur-00068) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morin_khuur#Cultural_influence)